Miền Bắc có thể thiếu điện giờ cao điểm trong năm 2022
Dự báo công suất đỉnh phụ tải miền Bắc năm 2022 có thể đạt 23.927-24.721MW, tăng thêm 2.076-2.870MW so với năm 2020, khu vực miền Bắc sẽ thiếu khoảng 1.592-2.400MW trong một số giờ cao điểm.
Thông tin đưa ra tại diễn đàn “Năng lượng cho phục hồi kinh tế sau đại dịch COVID-19” do Hội Truyền thông số và báo Giao Thông phối hợp tổ chức ngày 26-11.
Ông Võ Quang Lâm, phó tổng giám đốc Tập đoàn Điện lực Việt Nam, cho biết cơ bản hệ thống điện quốc gia đáp ứng đủ nhu cầu điện năm 2022, song khu vực miền Bắc tiềm ẩn rủi ro, thiếu hụt công suất đỉnh trong các ngày nắng nóng cực đoan (nền nhiệt độ cao hơn 36 độ C kéo dài trong các tháng 5, 6, 7).
Dẫn chứng là 7 tháng đầu năm nay, tăng trưởng điện vẫn ở mức cao và chỉ giảm từ khi dịch COVID-19 đợt 4 bùng phát (từ ngày 19-7-2021). Lũy kế 10 tháng đầu năm 2021, tổng sản lượng điện sản xuất toàn hệ thống đạt 213 tỉ kWh, tăng trưởng 3,3% so với năm 2020, dù thấp hơn 5,7 tỉ kWh so với kế hoạch năm (218,7 tỉ kWh) nhưng khu vực miền Bắc vẫn tăng trưởng rất cao.
Đáng chú ý, kể cả trong tháng 8-2021, khi xuất hiện các đợt nắng nóng, công suất cực đại miền Bắc đạt 21.782MW (ngày 6-8), tăng 21,2% so với cùng kỳ năm 2020. Trong khi, tổng công suất đặt hệ thống điện miền Bắc gần 28.500MW (đã bao gồm thủy điện nhỏ).
“Với dự báo công suất đỉnh phụ tải miền Bắc năm 2022 có thể đạt 23.927-24.721MW, tăng thêm 2.076-2.870MW so với năm 2020, khu vực miền Bắc sẽ thiếu khoảng 1.592-2.400MW trong một số giờ cao điểm trong điều kiện thời tiết cực đoan”, ông Lâm cho biết.
Do đó, về giải pháp, ông Lâm cho biết sẽ tập trung tích nước các hồ thủy điện vào cuối năm 2021, đảm bảo cấp điện mùa khô năm 2022. Mặc dù có khó khăn khi ước tính đến ngày 31-12-2021, tổng lượng nước tính trong hồ trên hệ thống điện là 14,3 tỉ kWh, thiếu hụt 738 triệu kWh.
Huy động tối ưu các nguồn miền Bắc, kết hợp tăng cường truyền tải tối đa từ miền Trung ra Bắc. Bố trí lịch sửa chữa các tổ máy hợp lý, không thực hiện sửa chữa các nhà máy điện khu vực phía Bắc trong các tháng 5, 6, 7-2022 để tăng cường thêm công suất khả dụng nguồn điện khu vực miền Bắc.
Còn theo ông Trịnh Quốc Vũ – phó vụ trưởng Vụ Tiết kiệm năng lượng và phát triển bền vững (Bộ Công thương), việc đảm bảo cung cấp điện trong giai đoạn 2020-2025 sẽ gặp nhiều khó khăn, thách thức nhất là trong trường hợp xảy ra các hiện tượng thời tiết cực đoan.
Vì vậy, song song với việc khai thác các nguồn năng lượng sơ cấp để đáp ứng nhu cầu về năng lượng của nền kinh tế và toàn xã hội, sử dụng năng lượng tiết kiệm và hiệu quả đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc đảm bảo an ninh năng lượng quốc gia.
“Sử dụng năng lượng tiết kiệm và hiệu quả còn là một trong những giải pháp hữu hiệu nhất giúp giảm áp lực trong việc khai thác, chế biến và cung ứng các dạng năng lượng, giúp cải thiện hiệu quả của nền kinh tế, bảo tồn nguồn năng lượng quốc gia, bảo vệ môi trường và giảm phát thải khí nhà kính”, ông Vũ nhấn mạnh.
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